Japanese With Other Languages?

I learned a new thing, and possibly a new concept with Japanese.
"German"(the language) is ドイシ語 - doishigo. It's pronounced the same way it is in German, plus "go", for language.

I'm hoping to add to my knowledge of other countries with respect to japan soon.
America is either アメリカ like english, or 米国 / べいこく / beikoku, rice+country. Why they name it that I have no idea.

北米 / ほくべい / hokubei is North America.
南米 / なんべい / nanbei is South America.
中米 / ちゅうべい / chuubei is Central America.
as you might have guessed,
北 (kita) is north, and
南 (minami) is south. Also,
東 (higashi) is east, and
西 (nishi) is west.

Also, 英語 (eigo) is "English", just as 日本語 is "Japanese" and 中国語 (chuugokugo) is "Chinese".